Sharing a blood supply: which is when the mother's blood circulates within the fetus and the baby is infected that way.
Infection during delivery: which is why most HIV positive women have a C-section.
Breastfeeding: for this reason women are asked not to breastfeed if they have another choice.
The risk of passing HIV to an unborn child with proper prenatal care and the use of proper antiretrovirals can be reduced to as low as 2%.

I has always amased me how an infected mother can carry a baby for nine months and the baby's blood NOT get tained with the blood. I would think the blood circulation gose throughout the whole body. Hmmm...
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